SICM - Mahfil Ali - Ramadan 1432 Time Table

For Harrow 51° 34' 34"N 0° 20' 17"W - Qibla = 119 29 E (From True North)

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DAY	RAMADAN 1432	Jul/Aug 2011	IMSAK 18°	FAJR 16°	SHUROOQ SUNRISE	DHUHR	ASR	Sunset	ISHA
Sun	29	31	02:26	02:58	05:23	13:08	17:18	20:52	23:46
Mon	1	1	02:30	03:01	05:24	13:08	17:18	20:50	23:42
Tue	2	2	02:34	03:05	05:26	13:08	17:17	20:49	23:37
Wed	3	3	02:39	03:08	05:27	13:08	17:16	20:47	23:33
Thu	4	4	02:43	03:11	05:29	13:08	17:16	20:45	23:29
FRIDAY	5	5	02:46	03:14	05:30	13:07	17:15	20:44	23:25
Sat	6	6	02:50	03:17	05:32	13:07	17:14	20:42	23:21
Sun	7	7	02:54	03:20	05:33	13:07	17:13	20:40	23:17
Mon	8	8	02:58	03:23	05:35	13:07	17:12	20:38	23:14
Tue	9	9	03:01	03:26	05:36	13:07	17:11	20:36	23:10
Wed	10	10	03:05	03:29	05:38	13:07	17:10	20:35	23:06
Thu	11	11	03:08	03:31	05:40	13:07	17:10	20:33	23:02
FRIDAY	12	12	03:11	03:34	05:41	13:07	17:09	20:31	22:59
Sat	13	13	03:15	03:37	05:43	13:06	17:08	20:29	22:55
Sun	14	14	03:18	03:40	05:44	13:06	17:07	20:27	22:52
Mon	15	15	03:21	03:42	05:46	13:06	17:06	20:25	22:48
Tue	16	16	03:24	03:45	05:48	13:06	17:05	20:23	22:45
Wed	17	17	03:27	03:48	05:49	13:06	17:03	20:21	22:42
Thu	18	18	03:30	03:50	05:51	13:05	17:02	20:19	22:38
FRIDAY	19	19	03:33	03:53	05:52	13:05	17:01	20:17	22:35
Sat	20	20	03:36	03:55	05:54	13:05	17:00	20:15	22:32
Sun	21	21	03:39	03:58	05:56	13:05	16:59	20:13	22:28
Mon	22	22	03:41	04:00	05:57	13:04	16:58	20:11	22:25
Tue	23	23	03:44	04:03	05:59	13:04	16:57	20:08	22:22
Wed	24	24	03:47	04:05	06:00	13:04	16:55	20:06	22:19
Thu	25	25	03:50	04:08	06:02	13:04	16:54	20:04	22:15
FRIDAY	26	26	03:52	04:10	06:04	13:03	16:53	20:02	22:12
Sat	27	27	03:55	04:12	06:05	13:03	16:52	20:00	22:09
Sun	28	28	03:57	04:15	06:07	13:03	16:50	19:58	22:06
Mon	29	29	04:00	04:17	06:08	13:02	16:49	19:55	22:03
Tue	30	30	04:02	04:19	06:10	13:02	16:48	19:53	22:00
Wed	1	31	04:05	04:22	06:12	13:02	16:46	19:51	21:57

Times are taken from the HM Nautical Almanac Office: http://websurf.nao.rl.ac.uk/surfbin/first.cgi

The most common values for both Islamic evening and morning twilight's are 18° and 18° solar depression. There are however some variations of this being used in different places. According to Dr D A King (1975) who has done considerable historical work on Islamic times in the Medieval period, for the evening and morning twilights 16° or 17° and 19° or 20° were employed. According to him the parameters 20° and 16° are those of Ibn Yunus and the parameters 19° and 17° were used by various later Egyptian astronomers and the early tables prepared in Cairo and Damascus have been in use until rather recently. Naser (1976) also refers to a value of 19° for the twilights. King in a later note (personal communication, 1982) has confirmed that the medieval Muslim astronomers generally used 18°/18° or 19°/17° for Fajr/Isha whereas other values such as 20°/16° are also attested but not any value smaller than 16°. This is of specific interest to us because a few years back, a value of 15° depression for both twilights was proposed by Bagvi (1972; p23 and personal communication, 1983) on the authority of Mualana Rashid Ahmed Ludhianvi of Karachi who apparently made personal observations (discussed by the latter in Ahsan ul Fatwa Vol II, Karachi). I myself followed Bagvi (Ilyas, 1976a; 1976b) and used it for preparing the first South Australian Time Table (Ilyas and Hurrem, 1976) but in light of new information, 18° seems a correct value. This 15° proposition has however met strong objections from various circles in Pakistan. Of special mention is the work by Latiff (1982) who has compiled a lot of astronomical information including a discussion on zodical lights viz astronomical twilights as well as information on observation exercise. Latiff argues for 18°/18° for the evening and morning twilights. For interest, Sheikh Tahir, a renowned astronomer of Malaysia employed 20°/18° for morning and evening and the practice carries on. The fact that the beginning of morning twilight also marks the beginning of the fasting period, the value for the morning is more critical than the evening one. It is not surprising then that there would be a great concern for any suggestion of a value which appears to be too (small) late that it may even nullify the Fast. Therefore extreme care has to be employed in this regard and very reliable observational data would be required to accept a value which is less than 18° for the morning twilight. The practice of evening/morning asymmetry is attested by Mr Abdul Hafiz Maniar of Surat for India and Dr MM Qurashi of Islamabad (Pakistan) for Yemen (personal communications, 1977; 1982). Presently it seems reasonably proper to adopt the general 18°/18° practice and perhaps make some allowance for the beginning of fast (a usual practice is to allow 10 minutes).

From: A modern Guide to Astronomical Calculations of Islamic Calendar, Times & Qibla, by Dr Mohammad Ilyas (Berita Publishing SDN BHD)

Note: Ayatullah Seestani says, "The obligatory precaution is that as long as the redness in the eastern sky appearing after sunset has not passed overhead, Maghrib Salaat should not be performed."
Ayatullah Fadhullah says, "Sunset takes effect when the sun's disk disappears from the horizon. Thus one can at such a time say one's Maghrib prayer, and also break his fast if one fasts."
Ayatullah Khui says, "It is ihtiyat wajib to wait until the redness that appears in the eastern horizon after sunset has passed overhead."
Shaykh Sudduq says, "Sunset (Maghrib) is validated by the fall of the sun’s disk."
Shaykh Tusi says, "Maghrib starts at the setting of the sun."

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